F1 Daughters
F1 daughters are the production hives from your F0 breeding queens. Sent to testers, they are evaluated under real conditions to measure the breeding value of their mother.
Creating an F1
From the menu Queens > Add F1, fill out the form:
| Field | Description | Required |
|---|---|---|
| Mother (F0) | Select the mother queen from your F0s | Yes |
| Display name | Identifier for the F1 colony | Yes |
| Location | Tester's apiary location | No |
The F1 is automatically linked to her F0 mother via a permanent bond. You will find all F1 daughters of a mother in the Offspring tab on the F0 detail page.
Link with the mother
Each F1 is linked to a single F0 queen (her mother). This link is fundamental for selection:
- Evaluations performed on F1s are aggregated at the F0 level
- The number of evaluated F1s determines the reliability of the mother's breeding values
- Averages (honey, gentleness, etc.) are calculated automatically and displayed on the F0 detail page
In bee breeding, a breeder queen is not judged on her own performance, but on that of her daughters. The more F1s evaluated by different testers, the more reliable the mother's breeding values (EBV) become.
Tester network
The BeePass model relies on a network of testers:
- The breeder creates F1 queens from their F0s
- Testers receive F1s and install them in their apiaries
- Evaluation is carried out during the season on 8 standardized traits
- Data feeds back automatically to the F0 mother's record
This system allows a lineage to be evaluated across varied environments, which strengthens selection robustness. BeePass automatically corrects environmental biases using the XGBoost engine.
F1 Evaluations
Each F1 can receive one or more evaluations covering the 8 BeePass traits:
- Honey (kg) — honey production
- Gentleness — defensive behaviour (1-4)
- Vigor — colony strength in spring (1-4)
- Wintering — winter survival (1-4)
- Non-swarming — swarming tendency, inverted (1-4)
- Comb stability — calmness on frames (1-4)
- Hygienic test 6h and 24h — cleaned cells after pin test (0-50)
Aim for at least 5 testers per F0 lineage to obtain usable breeding values. Ideally, testers should be in different regions and climatic conditions.